Step Back in Time: Your Ultimate Tourist Guide to Old Town, Bern

Welcome to the Old Town of Bern, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that transports visitors back in time with its well-preserved medieval architecture, cobbled streets, and historical landmarks. As the capital of Switzerland, Bern offers a unique blend of rich history, stunning beauty, and vibrant culture. Whether you are an avid historian, a passionate photographer, or simply a traveler looking to explore a charming city, Old Town Bern promises an unforgettable experience. This comprehensive guide provides everything you need to know for an enriching visit to Bern’s Old Town, including its top attractions, beautiful sites, and unique features.

A Glimpse into the History of Old Town, Bern

Historical Background

Founded in 1191 by Duke Berchtold V of Zähringen, Bern has a history that spans over 800 years. The city’s strategic location on a peninsula formed by the Aare River provided natural defenses and contributed to its development as a significant political and economic center. Over the centuries, Bern has preserved its medieval charm, with much of its original architecture and layout intact, making it a fascinating destination for history enthusiasts.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

In 1983, the Old Town of Bern was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its exceptional preservation and historical significance. The city’s medieval street plan, arcaded walkways, and iconic buildings have remained largely unchanged since the 15th century, offering a unique window into the past.

Top Attractions in Old Town, Bern

Zytglogge (Clock Tower)

One of Bern’s most famous landmarks, the Zytglogge is a medieval clock tower that has stood since the early 13th century. The clock tower features an astronomical clock, animated figures, and a stunning facade that attracts visitors from around the world.

• Astronomical Clock: Marvel at the intricate astronomical clock, which displays not only the time but also the positions of the sun, moon, and zodiac signs.
• Clock Show: Witness the clock’s animated figures, including a crowing rooster, jester, and bears, which perform a charming show every hour.

Bern Munster (Cathedral of Bern)

The Bern Munster is Switzerland’s tallest cathedral and a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Its towering spire and detailed facade make it a must-visit attraction in Old Town Bern.

• Bell Tower: Climb the 344 steps to the top of the bell tower for panoramic views of the city and the surrounding Alps.
• Stained Glass Windows: Admire the cathedral’s beautiful stained glass windows, which depict scenes from the Bible and Swiss history.
• Portal Sculpture: Take a closer look at the intricate sculpture of the Last Judgment above the main entrance, a stunning example of Gothic art.

Federal Palace (Bundeshaus)

The Federal Palace is the seat of the Swiss Federal Assembly and Federal Council. This grand building, constructed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is an architectural marvel and a symbol of Swiss democracy.

• Guided Tours: Join a guided tour to explore the Federal Palace’s impressive interiors, including the National Council Chamber and the Council of States Chamber.
• Parliament Square: Stroll through Parliament Square (Bundesplatz) and enjoy the lively atmosphere, especially during the seasonal markets and events.

Bear Park (Barenpark)

Bears have been a symbol of Bern since the city’s founding, and the Bear Park provides a natural habitat for these magnificent creatures. The park is located on the banks of the Aare River and offers a unique experience for visitors.

• Bear Enclosures: Observe the bears in spacious enclosures that mimic their natural habitat, complete with trees, streams, and rocky areas.
• Viewing Platforms: Enjoy excellent views of the bears and the surrounding area from the park’s viewing platforms.
• Educational Displays: Learn about the history and significance of bears in Bern through informative displays and exhibits.

Einsteinhaus

Albert Einstein lived in Bern from 1903 to 1905, during which time he developed his groundbreaking Theory of Relativity. The Einsteinhaus is the former residence of Einstein and is now a museum dedicated to his life and work.

• Exhibits: Explore the exhibits that showcase Einstein’s life, scientific achievements, and personal artifacts.
• Historical Context: Gain insights into the early 20th-century environment in which Einstein lived and worked.

Rosengarten (Rose Garden)

The Rosengarten is a beautiful park located on a hill overlooking Old Town Bern. It offers stunning views of the city and the Aare River, making it a perfect spot for relaxation and photography.

• Rose Varieties: Wander through the garden and admire over 200 varieties of roses, along with other flowering plants and trees.
• Panoramic Views: Enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of Bern’s medieval rooftops, spires, and the surrounding landscape.
• Cafe and Restaurant: Relax at the park’s cafe or restaurant, which offers a delightful menu and picturesque views.

Beautiful Sites in Old Town, Bern

Nydeggbrucke (Nydegg Bridge)

The Nydeggbrucke is a historic bridge that connects the Old Town to the eastern part of Bern. Built in the mid-19th century, this stone bridge offers beautiful views of the Aare River and the surrounding areas.

• Scenic Walk: Take a leisurely walk across the Nydeggbrucke and enjoy the scenic views of the river, the Bear Park, and the cityscape.
• Photo Opportunities: Capture stunning photos of the Old Town and the Aare River from the bridge’s vantage points.

Rathaus (Town Hall)

The Bern Rathaus is an impressive Gothic building that has served as the city’s town hall since the 15th century. It remains an important administrative center and a testament to Bern’s historical governance.

• Architectural Details: Admire the Rathaus’s intricate facade, featuring detailed stonework, arched windows, and decorative sculptures.
• Historical Significance: Learn about the historical significance of the building and its role in Bern’s civic life through guided tours.

Bern Historical Museum

The Bern Historical Museum is Switzerland’s second-largest historical museum and offers a comprehensive overview of the city’s history and culture. The museum’s diverse exhibits cover everything from archaeology to modern history.

• Permanent Exhibitions: Explore the museum’s permanent exhibitions, which include artifacts from prehistoric times to the present day.
• Einstein Museum: Visit the Einstein Museum, a part of the Bern Historical Museum, which delves deeper into the life and work of Albert Einstein.

Kafigturm (Prison Tower)

The Kafigturm is a historic tower that once served as a prison and now houses exhibitions and cultural events. This 13th-century tower is another iconic landmark in Old Town Bern.

• Exhibitions: Discover the tower’s historical and cultural exhibitions, which provide insights into Bern’s medieval past.
• Tower Architecture: Appreciate the architectural design of the Kafigturm, with its robust stone structure and defensive features.

Fountain of Justice (Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen)

The Fountain of Justice is one of the many beautiful fountains in Old Town Bern. It features a statue of Lady Justice holding a sword and scales, symbolizing fairness and law.

• Historical Fountains: Admire the Fountain of Justice and other historical fountains throughout the Old Town, each with its unique design and story.
• Photographic Spots: These fountains make for great photographic spots, adding a touch of history and beauty to your pictures.

Unique Features of Old Town, Bern

Arcaded Walkways

One of the most distinctive features of Old Town Bern is its arcaded walkways, which stretch for over six kilometers. These covered walkways provide shelter from the weather and house a variety of shops, cafes, and galleries.

• Shopping Experience: Enjoy a unique shopping experience under the arcades, where you can find everything from high-end boutiques to traditional Swiss crafts.
• Cafes and Restaurants: Relax at one of the many cafes and restaurants located along the arcades, offering a cozy and picturesque setting.

Aare River

The Aare River flows around the Old Town, providing a natural border and enhancing the city’s scenic beauty. The river is a central part of Bern’s identity and offers numerous recreational opportunities.

• River Walks: Take a stroll along the riverbanks and enjoy the tranquil atmosphere and beautiful views.
• Swimming and Boating: In the summer, the Aare River is a popular spot for swimming and boating, with designated areas for safe access to the water.

Parliament Square (Bundesplatz)

Parliament Square is the heart of Bern’s political life, located in front of the Federal Palace. This square is a lively gathering place for locals and visitors alike.

• Water Fountains: The square features a series of water fountains that are particularly popular with children during the warmer months.
• Events and Markets: Attend one of the many events, markets, or demonstrations held in Parliament Square throughout the year.

Bern’s Public Fountains

Bern is home to over 100 public fountains, many of which date back to the 16th century. These fountains are not only beautiful but also functional, providing drinking water to the city’s residents.

• Historical Significance: Learn about the historical significance of Bern’s fountains and their role in the city’s daily life.
• Artistic Designs: Admire the artistic designs and sculptures that adorn these fountains, each telling its own story.

Practical Information for Tourists

Getting Around

Bern’s Old Town is best explored on foot, allowing you to fully appreciate its narrow streets, hidden courtyards, and architectural gems. However, the city also offers excellent public transportation options.

• Trams and Buses: Bern’s efficient tram and bus network makes it easy to get around the city and reach nearby attractions.
• Bern Card: Consider purchasing a Bern Card, which provides free access to public transportation and discounts on various attractions.

Accommodation

Bern offers a range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxury hotels to charming guesthouses.

• Historic Hotels: Stay in one of Bern’s historic hotels for a unique and charming experience that reflects the city’s heritage.
• Boutique Hotels: Choose a boutique hotel for personalized service and stylish accommodations in the heart of Old Town.
• Budget-Friendly Options: For travelers on a budget, Bern offers several hostels and affordable hotels that provide comfortable and convenient lodging.

Language and Currency

The official language of Bern is German, but many residents also speak French and English. The currency is the Swiss Franc (CHF), and credit cards are widely accepted. ATMs are readily available throughout the city.

Tips for an Enjoyable Visit

Plan Your Visit

To make the most of your time in Bern’s Old Town, it’s helpful to plan ahead and prioritize the attractions and activities that interest you the most.

• Early Arrival: Arrive early at popular attractions to avoid crowds and make the most of your visit.
• Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of Bern’s landmarks.

Capture the Moment

Old Town Bern is a photographer’s dream, with its picturesque streets, historic buildings, and stunning viewpoints.

• Best Views: Take advantage of the city’s many viewpoints for breathtaking photos of the skyline and the river.
• Golden Hour: Visit key landmarks during the golden hour (just after sunrise or before sunset) for the best lighting and most beautiful photos.

Conclusion

Old Town Bern is a city that enchants visitors with its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant culture. From its iconic landmarks and beautiful neighborhoods to its unique traditions and lively atmosphere, Bern’s Old Town offers an unforgettable experience for all who visit. Plan your trip to Bern and immerse yourself in the beauty, history, and charm of Switzerland’s captivating capital. Embrace the opportunity to explore, discover, and create lasting memories in this enchanting city.